What are common faults of linear guide rail?

1.Basic introduction of linear guide rail.
A linear guide rail, also known as a linear motion guide or slide rail, is a mechanical component used to enable precise and smooth linear motion in various machines and equipment. It consists of a rail and a carriage (or slider) that moves along the rail, often incorporating rolling elements like ball bearings to reduce friction and ensure accurate movement.

2.Components of linear guide rail
1.Rail:The rail is the stationary component, often a flat surface, that guides the carriage. It’s typically made of hardened steel for strength and durability, with a surface finish that minimizes friction.
2.Carriage (Slider):The carriage is the moving component that attaches to the load or mechanism requiring linear motion. It houses the rolling elements and moves along the rail.
3.Rolling Elements:These are either balls or rollers that recirculate between the rail and the carriage, reducing friction and enabling smooth linear movement.

3.Performance advantages of linear guide rail
1.High Load Capacity and Rigidity:Linear guide rails, with their larger contact surface and rolling elements, can handle significantly heavier loads compared to other linear motion systems like linear bearings. Their robust design minimizes deflection and ensures stable movement even under stress.
2.Precision and Accuracy:Linear guide rails are designed for high-precision applications, offering exceptional positional accuracy and repeatability. This is crucial in industries where precise linear motion is paramount.
3.Smooth and Low-Friction Motion:The rolling elements (balls or rollers) within the guide rail system minimize friction, resulting in smooth and efficient linear movement.
4.Long-Term Reliability and Durability:Linear guide rails are built to withstand continuous operation and demanding conditions. Their robust construction and resistance to wear and deformation ensure long-term reliability and reduced maintenance requirements.
5.Versatility and Configurability:Linear guide rails are available in various sizes, accuracy classes, and preload options, allowing for customization to meet specific application needs.
6.Ease of Installation and Maintenance:Linear guide rails often feature straightforward installation processes, and their modular design simplifies maintenance and replacement.
7.Cost-Effectiveness for Extended Lengths:In applications requiring long travel distances, linear guide rails can be a more cost-effective solution compared to some alternatives.

4.Common faults of linear guide rail.
1.Excessive wear and tear is one of the most common issues encountered with linear guide rail systems. Over time, the constant motion and friction can lead to wear on the guide rails, resulting in decreased accuracy and performance. One of the main causes of excessive wear and tear is improper lubrication. Insufficient or improper lubrication can increase friction and accelerate the wear on the guide rails. Additionally, contamination from dust, debris, and other particles can exacerbate the issue.
2.Another common issue with linear guide rail systems is misalignment. Misalignment can occur due to various factors, such as improper installation, accidental damage, or thermal expansion. Misaligned guide rails can result in uneven wear, decreased accuracy, and increased friction, leading to poor performance of the system.
3.Sticky or binding motion is another issue that can arise with linear guide rail systems. This problem is often caused by the accumulation of dirt, debris, or insufficient lubrication. When foreign particles get trapped between the guide rails and the carriage, they can hinder the smooth movement, leading to sticking or binding motion. Inadequate lubrication or the use of the wrong type of lubricant can also contribute to this issue.
4.Excessive noise from the linear guide rail system can indicate underlying issues that need to be addressed. Noisy operation can be caused by various factors, including wear and tear, misalignment, or lack of proper lubrication. Additionally, damaged or worn components within the system can contribute to increased noise during operation.
5.Poor performance and accuracy are overarching issues that can stem from various factors affecting linear guide rail systems. These issues can impact the overall efficiency and precision of the system, leading to potential setbacks in production and operations. Poor performance and accuracy can result from wear and tear, misalignment, improper installation, or inadequate maintenance practices.

Tips on How to Choose a Brushless DC Motor

Brushless DC motors offer several advantages over traditional brushed DC motors, including higher efficiency, longer lifespan, and greater reliability. However, to operate a BLDC motor, you need a specialized motor controller that provides the necessary electrical signals to control the motor’s speed, direction, and torque. Let’s explore how to select a brushless DC motor controller that will meet the needs of your application.



When it comes to choosing a brushless motor, there are a few key considerations that you should keep in mind, such as:
Speed and Torque: One of important considerations when choosing a brushless motor is its speed and torque capabilities. It is important to select a motor with enough power to complete the desired task while not overloading it.
Size: Another key factor to consider is the size of the motor, which will determine the space requirements of your application. Smaller, lighter motors are typically more efficient but may have a different torque or power output than larger motors.
Cost: As with any purchase, cost is an important factor in selecting a brushless motor. When comparing prices, consider factors such as efficiency and durability to determine which motor is suitable for your application.
Control System: Depending on the application, you may need a specific control system to operate the motor. Either analog or digital systems can control brushless motors, so make sure to select one that is compatible with your specific needs.
Environment: Consider the environment in which your motor will be operating. Different motors are designed to work in different environmental conditions, so select one that suits your application’s environment. This includes factors such as temperature, humidity, and dust levels.



Buying a BLDC motor requires a careful attention to several details. These include the parameters that describe the motor’s working characteristics, or the brushless DC motor specifications. Matching these with your project needs, you can be sure to buy a BLDC motor that suits the intended purpose or use. That’s because BLDC motors come in many different types and making the wrong choice can mean a failed project. If you have any question in choose BLDC motor, please feel free to contact us.

Development and advantages of servo motors

1.The defination of servo motors
A servo motor is an electric motor that converts electrical power into mechanical power. It’s commonly used in dynamic systems where fast movements are required. To achieve this, the servo motor needs to have low inertia or mass and possess high force or torque for acceleration. These requirements impact the design and construction of the servo motor. Low inertia is achieved in a rotating servo motor by employing a slender rotor or a flat “pancake” rotor design. High torque can be attained by using powerful permanent magnets.

2.The history of servo motors
Since the 80s of the 20th century, with the development of integrated circuits, power electronics technology and AC variable speed drive technology, permanent magnet AC servo drive technology has developed prominently. AC servo system has become the main development direction of contemporary high-performance servo system, so that the original DC servo is facing the crisis of being eliminated. After the 90s, the AC servo system that has been commercialized in various countries around the world is a fully digitally controlled sine wave motor servo drive. The development of AC servo drives in the field of transmission is changing with each passing day.

aaa

3.Main types of servo motors
First is the AC servo motor. This type of servo is currently used today by most companies. AC servo motors are mostly used in industrial fields. AC servo motors are AC motors that rely on encoders. These types of servo motors work through controllers providing feedback and closed-loop control. They are known to function at a high accuracy and are easily controllable.
Second is the DC servo motor. These kind of servo motors were used in the past by Fuji Electric but are rarely used nowadays, as AC servo motors are easier to use, more effective, advanced, and reliable.

4.The advantages of servo motors
High efficiency
High output power relative to their size
More constant torque at higher speed
Closed-loop control
Highly reliable and acceleration
High ratio of torque to inertia
High-speed performance
Torque control
Smooth running
High accuracy
Well suited to varying load applications

In conclusion
In the grand symphony of automation, the AC servo motor stands as a virtuoso performer, harmonizing precision and power in a seamless blend.

The difference between hybrid stepper motor and servo motor

A stepper motor is a discrete motion device that has a low-cost advantage over a servo motor. The motor is a device for converting mechanical and electrical energy. A motor that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy is called a “generator”; A motor that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy is called a “motor”. Stepper motors and servo motors are motion control products that can accurately locate the motion trajectory and mode of automation equipment, and are mainly used in the field of automation equipment manufacturing. According to the classification of stepper motor rotors, there are three types: reactive (VR type), permanent magnet (PM type), and hybrid (HB type). 1) Reactive (VR type): Gear with rotor teeth. 2) Permanent magnet type (PM type): A rotor with a permanent magnet. 3) Hybrid (HB type): Gear with both permanent magnet and rotor teeth. Classified according to the winding on the stator of stepper motors: there are two phase, three phase, and five equal series.

A motor with two stators is called a two-phase motor, and a motor with five stators is called a five phase motor. The more phases and beats a stepper motor has, the higher its accuracy. Hybrid stepper motors can achieve very precise small incremental step motion, while PM motors generally have low control accuracy requirements. Hybrid stepper motors can achieve complex and precise linear motion control requirements. Permanent magnet motors have relatively small torque and volume, and generally have low control accuracy requirements, making them more cost-effective. Hybrid stepper motors are mainly used in emerging industries such as photovoltaic power generation and 3D printing; Emerging industries: security monitoring; Traditional industries: textile machinery, food packaging. From the perspective of production process and motor control accuracy, hybrid stepper motors are more high-end than permanent magnet stepper motors. Both stepper motors and servo motors are motion control products, but there are differences in product performance. A stepper motor is a discrete motion device that executes a step upon receiving a command. The stepper motor converts the input pulse signal into angular displacement. When the stepper motor driver receives a pulse signal, it drives the stepper motor to rotate a fixed angle in the set direction. Servo motor refers to the conversion of electrical signals into torque and speed in a servo system to drive the control object, which can control speed and position accuracy.

The advantages and disadvantages of integrated stepper motors

The stepper motor driver and motor can be integrated into one unit, which is an integrated motor. The manufacturer provides various combinations of integrated stepper  motor driver combinations, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. 

stepper motor driver

  The advantages of integrated stepper motors include easy placement, reduced wiring complexity, faster system setup and construction, and motor driver compatibility. In  addition, an integrated unit integrating the control system is also provided.  Easy on-site layout may be the most significant advantage of integrated motors. They do not require wiring between the driver and motor, and can be easily placed in  the appropriate location and connected to the controller. This means that settings can be made faster to transition the motion control system from design drawings to  production time in a short period of time.

Easy on-site layout may be the most significant advantage of integrated motors. They do not require wiring between the driver and motor, and can be easily placed in the appropriate location and connected to the controller. This means that settings can be made faster to transition the motion control system from design drawings to production time in a short period of time.

  Meanwhile, reducing wiring complexity means that engineers do not have to worry about whether the input and output are correctly connected between the driver and  motor. Unipolar or bipolar wiring is no longer an issue. Similarly, interference between cables is reduced, and communication is greatly enhanced. 

integrated stepper motors

Integrated motors also mean good compatibility between the motor and driver. It can be used together for they are provided together by the manufacturer. It can reduce the workload during the torque speed curve, as these have already taken into account the drive. For example, there is no need to worry about whether the driver provides the correct type of signal or uses the correct voltage, as all of these have been resolved. If the integrated unit comes with controls, it may be simpler and can handle most control operations. Meanwhile, the merged units can now be connected to other units, which is particularly useful in the Internet of Things.

 The main drawback of this setting is the lack of implementation flexibility and potential supplier chain, which leads to troubleshooting issues and equipment  maintenance changes. Because the drive motor combination is a unit, it is usually only applicable to certain applications and not to other applications. In addition,  if the driver needs to be replaced but the motor is functioning properly, the entire unit can only be replaced.

Source:https://www.oyostepper.com/article-1120-The-advantages-and-disadvantages-of-integrated-stepper-motors.html

Which is more suitable for you in choosing different spindle motors?

The spindle motor is a high speed AC motor with speeds ranging from thousands to tens of thousands, often used in conjunction with a frequency converter to control the motor speed. It is widely used for carving, polishing, and milling. It involves processing industries such as wood, aluminum, stone, hardware, glass, PVC,etc.It is characterized by fast speed, small volume, lightweight, low material consumption, low noise, and low vibration. There are two type of spindle motors including water cooled spindle motor and air cooled spindle motor. In the following paragraph, i will introduct for you seperately.

water cooled spindle motor
water cooled spindle motor

Water cooled spindle motor:
Under the same conditions, motors that have been water-cooled for a long time have a longer lifespan, more stability, higher accuracy, and lower noise compared to air-cooled motors. Because the heat inside the motor is quickly carried away by water, the heat exchange efficiency is high. But water cooling requires a water source, water pump, inlet pipe, and drainage pipe, which is not as convenient to use as air cooling. If it is used in a factory, it is better to choose water cooling.

Air cooled spindle motor:
Using a fan to cool the motor results in higher noise and lower accuracy compared to water cooling, making it easy to install, maintain, and use. The price of a single motor is slightly higher than that of a water-cooled one, but with the addition of water pumps and pipes, it is cheaper than water-cooled ones.

Air cooled spindle motor

A CNC spindle motor is a type of motor used in computer numerical control (CNC) machines to drive the spindle, which holds the cutting tool or workpiece. The spindle motor provides the rotational power required for various machining operations such as cutting, drilling, milling, and routing. It is widely used in many field such as:

  1. CNC stepper motor: CNC lathe is the most commonly used in equipment field for spindle motors. Due to its large processing capacity and long working time, it is more important to pay attention to the wear resistance of the spindle when selecting it. When selecting the spindle motor, it is necessary to achieve precise control through a servo device, and the spindle motor specifications can also be customized according to the size and usage needs of the CNC lathe.
  2. Various types of carving machines: It is used for carving various molds, metal accessories, or stone materials. The spindle motor used on the carving machine is generally a high speed motor with a high rated power to meet the requirements of rapid carving use.
  3. Machining centers: Each machining center cannot be separated from the power supply of the spindle motor, and when selecting, it should be able to adapt to low-speed strong cutting and meet the requirements of high-speed precision machining. In addition, the spindle motor should be suitable for the use of quasi stop or emergency stop functions.
  4. Grinding machine equipment: The grinding machine is mainly used for grinding and milling various hardware workpieces, which require multiple steps such as wire cutting or electric discharge machining. Therefore, when selecting the spindle motor, it is important to pay attention to selecting the size that is suitable for the production needs of the grinding machine.

The servo motor and the advantages of how it works

The Application of servo motor and how it works

A servo motor is a closed-loop mechanism with a positional feedback mechanism to control rotational/linear speed & position. An electric signal controls the motor which regulates movement, specifying the ultimate command position of an output shaft. It is a self-contained electrical device, that rotate parts of a machine with high efficiency and with great precision. The output shaft of this motor can be moved to a particular angle, position and velocity that a regular motor does not have.The Servo Motor utilizes a regular motor and couples it with a sensor for positional feedback.



Types of Servo Motor
Servo motor from china are available in a variety of different sizes and three basic types. They’re defined as the following:

Continuous rotation: Used for hobby applications.
Linear: More suited to complex applications.
Positional rotation: Most commonly used in everyday applications.

Are Servo Motors AC or DC?
The primary difference between AC and DC motors relates to the electrical currents and the different ways that each current works in each specific motor type. Let’s have a look at some of the basic differences between an AC servo and a DC servo.

AC Servo Motors
For most household and domestic applications, the preferred choices are AC servo motors. AC servos have alternating current (AC) that functions in reverse order. A transformer device or power supply moves alternative current across huge distances at high voltages. An AC servo motor can facilitate changing voltages with greater comfort than a DC servo motor.

DC Servo Motors
DC servo motors contain a direct current (DC) with a positive as well as a negative current. Unlike the AC servos, the current flows in precisely the same direction. Current control is far easier than that of the Ac servo motor because only the armature magnitudes control the current.

Applications of Servo Motor
It uses in the applications requiring rapid variations in speed without the motor getting overheated.
Industries, they uses in the machine tools, packaging, factory automation, material handling, printing converting, assembly lines. In many other demanding applications robotics, CNC machinery or automated manufacturing.
uses in radio controlled airplanes to control the positioning and movement of elevators.
In robots because of their smooth switching on and off and accurate positioning.
In the aerospace industry to maintain hydraulic fluid in their hydraulic systems.
uses in many radio controlled toys.
 used in electronic devices such as DVDs or Blue ray Disc players to extend or replay the disc trays.
used in automobiles to maintain the speed of vehicles;

Applications of Servo Motor



The servo motor and the advantages of how it works
Above all, the servo drive offers a high level of precision and can actuate and hold defined positions , without losing torque. This enables very fast accelerations and decelerations at certain speeds. The machines or robots driven by the servo motor can therefore implement movements very dynamically and are ideally suitable for complex work.
Servo motors provide good value for many due to comparatively low initial costs, low maintenance costs and a long life. They can therefore also be easily integrated in existing systems.

Source:https://www.oyostepper.com/article-1117-The-Application-of-servo-motor-and-how-it-works.html

Tips on Choosing A CNC Stepping Motor With Useful Standard

What is a CNC Stepper Motor and How Does it Work?
The CNC Stepper Motor is a type of stepper motor that is used in CNC milling machines and CNC lathes. It is a motor that has an armature with multiple coils, which are connected to the X, Y, and Z axes of the machine. It is widely used in many different applications such as manufacturing, engineering, and dental equipment.

17HE15-1504S

A stepper motor is an electrical machine with an armature consisting of many coil windings. The coils are energized by pulses from a power supply that rotate the armature in increments or steps around a fixed axis (usually the shaft). A stepping motor can also be called a CNC milling machine or CNC lathe. A machine tool is typically used to create parts such as gears, pulleys, bearings, and brackets using various types of cutting tools such as saws, drills, and mills.

CNC Stepper Motor is an electrical machine that converts electrical current into rotation. It has the ability to rotate at very high speeds with precision. The speed of the motor depends on the number of steps it takes to complete one revolution.
They are designed to have a high torque output which makes them suitable for use in turning tools like lathes, mills, and drill presses.

Try to understand the Torque, RPM, NEMA specifications of stepper motors can be overwhelming when building your CNC. It is easy to make mistakes when choosing the right one and end up with an overkill setup or a weaker system. This article is intended for DIY enthusiasts and hobbyists to help them choose the best stepper motor to meet their project and CNC router needs.

In the following, we will show you how to quickly choose the right stepper motor for your project. I will also talk about the many factors to consider when choosing a stepper motor.

These are important considerations when choosing a similar CNC machine.
Your gantries should be roughly equal in weight to your gantries
Each axis should have the exact same linear drive components
It is important that the size of the machine be identical (the same footprint and work area).


The spindle weight must be the same
You could use the stepper motors if you find a CNC machine similar to what you are looking for.

You could also review the product to determine if it meets your needs. If you have any question on choosing CNC stepper motor, please feel free to contact us at oyostepper.com.

Source:https://gotartwork.com/Blog/how-to-choose-a-cnc-stepper-motor-with-useful-standard/50880/

How To Choose Stepper Motors For CNC Routers

Generally, you are going to need at last NEMA23 from 175oz/in upwards unless your machine is very small such as a CNC engraver. These are quite often used for making Printed Circuit Boards(PCB) and if you check the description they will say only for soft materials.

Choose the correct stepper size for your CNC router
The choice of a stepper motor that is not an appropriate size usually shows itself in several ways. When you undersize the size of the stepper motor, this results in unsatisfactory deceleration and acceleration, poor performance as well as excessive heat. Additionally, in extreme cases, the stepper motor will position improperly, lose pulses or stop working altogether when under high acceleration or deceleration, and heavy loading.

Overloading, on the other hand, causes the stepping motor to produce higher RFI/EMI as well as to run louder. Because of this, you may incur an extra cost for a driver and motor as well as more machine or panel space than is needed.

Furthermore, because this is an open-loop system, the matching of rotor-inertia to load-inertia is vital. This is especially regardless of whether an encoder is added, but the inertia mismatch can never exceed the magnitude order. Typically, a greater mismatch results in the stepper motor missing position, using excessive current, losing pulse, or in some cases stalling altogether

Conclusion
After going through this article, you now have an idea of what you need to consider to help you choose a stepper motor for your CNC router that is of an appropriate size. Consequently, you will get to benefit from an effectively working machine that meets all your needs.

The Disadvantages and Advantages of PM Stepper Motor

The Permanent Magnet Stepper Motor has a stator construction similar to that of the single stack variable reluctance motor. The rotor consists of permanent magnet poles of high retentivity steel and is cylindrical in shape. The concentrating windings on diametrically opposite poles are connected in series to form a two phase winding on the stator.


A permanent magnet stepper motor is a compatible and highly efficient device that has numerous applications. Since the rotor is made of permanent magnets, it does not need any external excitation which makes it very useful in applications such as toys, small motors, etc. Because of its design aspects, the step-angle of each rotation can be easily designed, which makes it useful in delicate applications such as medical instruments and aeronautical structures. Due to its small size, it is highly mobile and easy to use. This article discusses an overview of the permanent magnet stepper motor.

Advantages and Disadvantages of PM Stepper Motor:
The advantages of a permanent magnet stepper motor are
It is compact and small in size, which makes it useful in many applications
Due to the absence of any external excitation, the losses are less
Due to the absence of any external excitation, the maintenance is less.
It can be connected to the external circuit, to control the speed of the motor
Sensors may be used to locate the rotor windings
Can be operated in a wide range of speed and torque.


The disadvantages of a permanent magnet stepper motor are:
Due to limitations in permanent magnet, it cannot be used for high power applications
Torque produced is limited
The life of a permanent magnet is limited.

Applications:
The applications of a permanent magnet stepper motor are:
Aeronautical industry
Robotics
Toys
Manufacturing
Control industry
Mills and printing

Source:https://www.oyostepper.com/article-1115-The-Disadvantages-and-Advantages-of-PM-Stepper-Motor.html